Thalidomide influences growth and vasculogenic mimicry channel formation in melanoma

doi:10.1186/1756-9966-27-60

Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research

Volume 27

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Research

Thalidomide influences growth and vasculogenic mimicry channel formation in melanoma

Shiwu Zhang¹^,2^* , Man Li¹^,3^* , Yanjun Gu¹ , Zhiyong Liu¹ , Shaoyan Xu¹ , Yanfeng Cui¹ and Baocun Sun¹^,4^*

¹Department of Pathology, Tianjin Cancer Hospital, Tianjin, Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, PR China

²Department of Pathology, Tianjin Dongli Hospital, Dongli District, Tianjin, 300300, PR China

³Department of Digestive, Tianjin Second Hopital of Tianjin Medical University, 300211 Tianjin, PR China

⁴Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, 300060 Tianjin, PR China

author email corresponding author email* Contributed equally

Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2008, 27:60doi:10.1186/1756-9966-27-60


Published:	4 November 2008

Abstract

Aims

To observe the effects of thalidomide on melanoma tumor growth and blood supply patterns in C57 mice.

Methods

Thirty mice inoculated subcutaneously with B16F10 cells were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group. Thalidomide was administered once a day at a dose of 200 mg/kg for the treatment group starting on the fifth day after inoculation, and an equivalent volume of 0.5% carboxylmethyl cellulose was administered similarly in the control group. The diameter of the tumors was measured daily after inoculation until the mice were sacrificed on the 19th day. The different blood supply patterns were counted after immunohistochemical and PAS histochemical double-Staining. VEGF, NF-κB, PCNA, MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression in tumor tissue was also assessed.

Results

The tumor volume(P = 0.019) and the number of vasculogenic mimicry(P = 0.03) and mosaic vessels(P = 0.004) in the treatment group were significantly decreased compared with the control group. VEGF(P = 0.004), NF-κB(P = 0.009), PCNA(P = 0.002), MMP-2 (P = 0.000), MMP-9(P = 0.002) protein expression and MMP-2(P = 0.000) and MMP-9(P = 0.000) mRNA in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control groups.

Conclusion

Thalidomide inhibits vasculogenic mimicry channel and mosaic vessels formation in melanoma through the regulation of vasculogenic factors, and it can induce necrosis of melanoma cells, which may be related with the NF-κB signaling pathway.