Figure 3.

A: The cells in hyperplastic prostate tissue differentiated well with glandular tube-like arrangement. H&E, 100×. B: Human prostate cancer tumor cells grow around the nerve. Some tumor cells have invaded into nerve tissue. The red arrow indicates the nerve, H&E, 100×. C: Cells in a human prostate cancer tumor around the nerve express MMP-2 that degrades the ECM around the nerve tissue and promotes PNI. The red arrow indicates nerve tissue. MMP-2 immunohistochemical staining (SP), 100×. D: Cells in human prostate cancer tumor around the nerve express MMP-9 that degrades the ECM around the nerve tissue and promotes PNI. The red arrow indicates nerve tissue. MMP-9 immunohistochemical staining (SP), 100×. E: Prostate cancer cells infiltrate the nerve. Both tumor cells and nerve tissue express CXCL12. Red arrow indicates nerve. Blue arrow indicates tumor cells. CXCL12 immunohistochemical staining (SP), 100×. F: Prostate cancer cells expressing CXCR4 infiltrate the nerve. The red arrow indicates nerve tissue. CXCR4 immunohistochemical staining (SP), 100×.